Introduction:
Khansar is a city garden located in the Central Zagros Range in Iran. Due to frequent droughts and floods, the County decided to build a dam in the upper river to control periodic floods and to reduce the effect of the droughts by collecting runoff water during the wet seasons. The dam is designed and constructed using a fast-track approach to meet water needs of the city of Khansar and its gardens during dry periods. This dam is an earthfill embankment with clay core that has 35.5 meter height from the river bed, 722 meter length, and 10 meter width on the top with the maximum capacity of 6 million cubic meters. The dam’s watershed is about 40 square kilometers, and the longest water way is 4.5 kilometer. The aim is to pump up the water from the downstream springs and creeks into the reservoir during the wet seasons, when there is no need of water for farms and gardens. Therefore, since January of 2011, pumping water from the downstream springs and river has started. Five pumps in different period of time have been put in work and have taken up water from the downstream springs. Currently, the total discharge of five pumps is 503 liter per second. By late April, the accumulated water will be about 1.5 million cubic meters, which is 20% of the reservoir capacity. This water used to travel 150 kilometer downstream and discharge into Panzdaheh Khordad Reservoir. Now is being held behind the dam for agricultural and drinking water purposes.
The following study shows Khansar Dam will provide huge amount of water to the city and its gardens, but there are many essential issues that needed to be addressed. These issues are recognized and some solutions are put forward. For instance, some of the key factors such as watershed management, erosion protection, and the dam’s safety haven’t completely been implemented. After a brief summary of the watershed management issues, several perspectives and solutions are put forward.
Below Photo: A.K
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